bravely told jurors how her mother and father suffocated the 17-year-old
with a plastic bag — gripping testimony that led to her parents' murder
conviction on Friday.
Justice Roderick Evans sentenced Iftikhar,
52, and Farzana Ahmed, 49, to life in prison for killing their
daughter, Shafilea, in 2003. The couple — first cousins from the
Pakistani village of Uttam — were ordered to serve a minimum of 25 years
in prison.
"She was being squeezed between two cultures — the
culture and way of life that she saw around her and wanted to embrace,
and the culture and way of life you wanted to impose on her," Evans said
during the sentencing at the Chester Crown Court in northwest England.
In
Britain, more than 25 women have been killed in so-called "honor
killings" in the past decade. Families have sometimes lashed out at
their children on the belief that they have brought their household
shame by becoming too westernized or by refusing a marriage.
Shafilea
was only 10 when she began to rebel against her parents' strict rules,
according to prosecutor Andrew Edis. The young girl would hide make-up,
false nails and western clothes at school, changing into conservative
clothes before her parents picked her up.
But it was the last
year of her life that proved to be the most traumatic. During the trial
that began in May, jurors heard from Shafilea's younger sister, Alesha,
who said she witnessed the murder when she was 12.
After an
argument about Shafilea's dress, her parents pushed her down on a couch,
stuffed a thin white plastic bag into her mouth and held their hands
over her mouth and nose until she died, Alesha testified.
As she
was struggling, her mother said, "just finish it here," according to
Alesha's testimony. Although Shafilea's other siblings contradicted the
testimony, the last-minute emergence of a diary convinced jurors.
The
diary belonged to a friend of one of Shafilea's other sisters, Mev. In
it, the friend relays conversations she had with the sister about the
night Shafilea died — details that supported Alesha's testimony.
"The
strong message goes out and should be very clear: If you engage in
honor killings — if you engage in forced marriages — you will be caught
and brought to justice," said Mohammed Shafiq, chief executive of the
Manchester-based Ramadhan Foundation, a Muslim organization.
When
Shafilea became a teenager, she became interested in boys — something
that spurred punishment from her parents. School officials alerted
social services in October 2002 after Shafilea came to school with
injuries to her face. That same month, Shafilea told a social worker
that she was to be married in Pakistan in February 2003.
In
January 2003, she ran away, telling friends her parents would not leave
her alone. She eventually returned. In February 2003, she ran away again
and pleaded with British authorities to allow her to move out of her
parents' house because, she said, they were abusive and trying to force
her into an arranged marriage.
Some of Shafilea's own words also
proved compelling to jurors. In the application form to move out, she
said she had suffered from regular domestic violence from the age of 15.
"One parent would hold me whilst the other hit me," she said.
Her
father snatched her off the streets, however, in the same month as the
application. He bundled her into a car and took her to Pakistan against
her will, Alesha said. In protest, Shafilea drank bleach and was brought
back to Britain in May 2003. She spent eight weeks in the hospital
trying to recover from damage done to her throat.
Even in her
weakened and desperate state, Shafilea's parents were relentless. One
night, her parents complained she was wearing a T-shirt and wasn't
properly covered up, according to Alesha. The younger sister said
Shafilea struggled and struggled as her parents held her down.
Alesha
described that after the attack, her siblings ran upstairs and she
watched as her father carried Shafilea's body to the car wrapped in a
blanket. She was reported missing shortly after, with her parents making
a teary-eyed media appeal for information leading to their daughter.
But
police were suspicious — so much so that they bugged the house.
Shafilea's decomposed remains were eventually discovered in the River
Kent in Cumbria in February 2004, but it wasn't until 2010 that Alesha
provided the key testimony.
Last year, the British government's
Forced Marriage Unit investigated more than 1,400 cases of forced
marriages, most of which occur in Muslim communities. Britain is home to
more than 1.8 million Muslims, most from Pakistani roots.
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